Electric Generator (dynamo) : (laboratory model) Michael Faraday, England, 1832; Joseph Henry, U.S.A., c.1832; (hand-driven model) Hippolyte Pixii, France, 1833; (alternating-current generator) Nikola Tesla, U.S.A., 1892.

Electron : Sir Joseph J. Thompson, U.S.A., 1897.

Electronic Mail : Ray Tomlinson, U.S.A., 1972.

Elevator, Passenger : Elisha G. Otis, U.S.A., 1852.

E=mc2 equivalence of mass and energy) Albert Einstein, Switzerland, 1907.

Engine, Internal Combustion : No single inventor. Fundamental theory established by Sadi Carnot, France, 1824; (two-stroke) Etienne Lenoir, France, 1860; (ideal operating cycle for four-stroke) Alphonse Beau de Roche, France, 1862; (operating four-stroke) Nikolaus Otto, Germany, 1876; (diesel) Rudolf Diesel, Germany, 1892; (rotary) Felix Wanket, Germany, 1956.

Evolution : : (organic) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, France, 1809; (by natural selection) Charles Darwin, England, 1859.